04 · European & Global Fiber Geodesy

Cloud Region Latency (RTT) & Global Infrastructure Windows

Compute silica-fiber physical latency limits and realistic BGP round-trip times from major European hubs to global cloud regions, plus live 24-hour UTC peak load overlaps.

WORLD DATACENTER CLOCKSUTC —:—:—

Frankfurt (eu-central-1)

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CET/CEST · DE-CIX

London (eu-west-2)

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GMT/BST · LINX

N. Virginia (us-east-1)

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ET · US East Core

Tokyo (ap-northeast-1) / Jitter

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Jitter: —

Optical Fiber & BGP Latency Matrix by Cloud Region

Packet Origin City:

Optical Fiber Speed-of-Light Floor & Realistic BGP RTT
Region	Cluster / IXP	Geodesic	Fiber Floor	BGP RTT	Max Seq RPS

24-Hour Global Infrastructure Activity Timeline (UTC)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Why is optical fiber latency slower than the speed of light in vacuum?

Silica glass has a refractive index around 1.47, reducing light propagation speed to ~200,000 km/s (roughly 1 ms round-trip per 100 km), plus ~1.4x route curvature and BGP switching hops.

How does RTT cap sequential API throughput?

Synchronous request-response loops cannot exceed 1000 / RTT requests per second per stream. At 140 ms Europe-to-Tokyo RTT, a single sequential stream maxes out around 7 req/s regardless of bandwidth.